注重学生主体性的刺法灸法学习实践

围绕以学生为主体,从扩大课堂内外学习广度的角度出发,结合学生自身的教学和学习实践,并以学生自身的口吻来强调在教与学的过程中以学生为主体的重要性,为刺法灸法的学习拓宽了新的思路。     

Substitute Consent for Research Involving the Elderly: A Comparison Between Quebec and France

The authors first describe the rules enacted in Quebec and France to protect adults with decisional impairment who may be approached by investigators to participate in research protocols. They then present two consecutive postal surveys conducted among Quebec and French researchers in aging and designed to (1) assess their knowledge of the legal provisions implemented to protect decisionally incapable adults, (2) elicit their opinions regarding the person best suited to provide substitute consent for research participation, and (3) document their conduct related to obtaining consent for prospective subjects with impaired decisional capacity. Knowledge of the legislation governing substitute consent was poor, even more so among French than Quebec researchers (p < 0.001). In both samples, the majority of respondents felt that the substitute decision-maker does not have to be legally appointed when the study poses little risk to the participant. Practice data revealed a certain discrepancy between the conduct of researchers in aging and the legal provisions regarding consent for research purposes that prevail in their jurisdictions. These findings underscore the need to better educate clinical investigators about existing measures to protect prospective subjects who lack decisional capacity. They also provide some support for allowing close relatives to consent to research participation on behalf of older adults who are unable to consent by themselves and have not been appointed a legal representative.     

《何氏虚劳心传》的用药规律分析

目的：分析《何氏虚劳心传》的用药规律,探讨虚劳的病机和治法特点。方法使用频数表对《何氏虚劳心传》治疗虚劳的21首方剂中所列药物的分类、使用频次、归经进行统计分析。结果虚劳的用药频次以补虚药最高,归经以肾膀胱经、肺大肠经、脾胃经为多。结论虚劳的基本病机在于阴虚,治疗注重补肾、健脾胃、生活调摄。     

基于关联规则和复杂系统熵聚类的腱鞘炎外用药规律研究

目的：基于中医传承辅助平台（TCMISS）软件分析腱鞘炎中药外用处方的用药规律。方法通过中国知网、重庆维普、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中收集自建库至2015年治疗腱鞘炎的中药外用处方,采用关联规则算法、复杂系统熵聚类等无监督数据挖掘方法,分析处方中各种药物的使用频次、药物之间的关联规则、核心药物组合和新处方。结果对筛选出的76个中药处方进行分析,确定处方中药物的使用频次,药物之间的关联规则,挖掘出27个核心组合和3首新处方。结论腱鞘炎常用的药物以祛风湿、活血化瘀药为主。该研究结果对治疗腱鞘炎的组方用药规律具有一定的指导意义和参考价值。     

医学院校卫生法学教学的现实困境及优化策略探讨

卫生法学作为医学人文学科的重要课程,在医学院校的课程体系中越来越受到重视。但由于我国卫生法学教育起步较晚,无论是课程的设置、教材的建设还是师资的培养都存在诸多问题。该研究从卫生法学教学的现状和问题入手,提出优化和改革策略,以期为高校的卫生法学教学提供依据。     

药品管理法律责任的制度创新

目的：评析2019年版《药品管理法》中的法律责任制度的创新,明确药品市场主体的主体责任和药品监管者的监管责任,以期减少药品违法事件的发生,保证公众用药安全。方法：对比2001年版《药品管理法》,结合行政法原理,加之比较法的视角,对2019年版《药品管理法》进行解析。结果与结论：2019年版《药品管理法》强化了法律责任的重要性,设定了更为严格的法律责任,通过体系化的制度设计和完善的法律责任机制,提高了违法者的违法成本,有助于遏制和惩戒违法行为。     

急诊手术中麻醉师的潜在法律责任

急诊麻醉工作的特殊性赋予了麻醉师重要的法律责任，体现了麻醉记录单的书写、医嘱的下达与执行、麻醉药品的管理、医疗器械的使用以及带教实习进修人员等诸多方面。因此，麻醉师应严格执行规章制度，切实履行自己的责任，不断提高专业技术水平，在工作中用法律来约束和保护自我，保障病人安全和利益。